Metamaterials and solitons in optical fibers, nonlinear phenomena, and porous media primarily a textbook for graduate courses in electrical engineering, electromagnetic wave propagation, radiation, and scattering is also ideal for graduate students in bioengineering, geophysics, ocean engineering, and geophysical remote sensing. Frequency dependent propagation often, the propagation parameters speed, impedance depend on frequency. Physical optics lecture notes pdf 44p download book. Introduction optical phenomena in the media with the linear refractive index, which periodically changes along the propagation direction of an electromagnetic wave, have attracted attention of researchers for the last ofty years.
Individual chapters are available below in pdf in 2up format. The pulse effex, book 1 electromagnetic and optical pulse propagation 1. Buy electromagnetic and optical pulse propagation 2. The sommerfeld precursor in photonic crystals in this chapter1, we calculate the sommerfeld precursor of an electromagnetic pulse that has been transmitted through a strati. Gaussian pulse with the carrier frequency illustrated. The numerical method combines a split step beam propagation method with the cranknicholson method. Depending on the sign of the material dispersion, the local electromagnetic energy flow is saddle or spiral about the stov. Introduction optical phenomena in the media with the linear refractive index, which periodically changes along the propagation direction of an electromagnetic wave, have attracted attention of researchers. Wave propagation in a random medium download ebook pdf. In this lesson, the pmd emulator component is used to demonstrate the distortions in the transmitted signal, caused by first and second order pmd effects. Such pulses have a broadband optical spectrum, and can be created by modelocked oscillators. Figure 3 corresponds to the peak power of 1 mw while figure 4 is at 6 mw power. Full text of optical pulse propagation with minimal.
To rotate the wave model, click and drag anywhere within the window. Electromagnetic pulse prepping for tomorrow book 1 emp. With a data rate of 40gbits, the pulses are spaced by 25ps. Optical pulse propagation with minimal approximations. Propagation of electromagnetic waves generated by modulated. Amplification of ultrashort pulses almost always requires the technique of chirped pulse. Coherent propagation of an optical pulse in a bragg. Electromagnetic and optical pulse propagation 2 request pdf. Propagation modes in fiber light, while propagating in the fiber, can be seen sa an electromagnetic phenomenon, and the whole propagating mechanism, which can be described by the electromagnetic optical fields associated to it, is governed by maxwell equations 1. Visible light is a commonly studied form of electromagnetic radiation, and exhibits oscillating electric and magnetic fields whose amplitudes and directions are represented by. Mcmahon abstract the propagation of solitary waves in a bragg grating formed by an array of thin nanostructured dielectric.
In the absence of free charge and current densities the maxwell equations are. The purpose of this experiment is to acquaint you with some of the principles involved in the manipulation of electrical pulses. Causes of multipath include atmospheric ducting, ionospheric reflection and refraction, and reflection from water bodies and terrestrial objects such as mountains and buildings multipath propagation causes multipath. An electromagnetic metamaterial affects electromagnetic waves that impinge on or interact with its structural features, which are smaller than the wavelength.
A freespace broadband terahertz pulse is coupled into a propagating mode along the shaft of an optical antenna acting as an apertureless near. Caianiello and istituto nazionale di fisica della materia infm. Effects of pmd on pulse propagation polarization mode dispersion pmd can cause serious problems in high bitrate transmissions. However, because of the scaleinvariance of classical wave equations,such studies need not be performed at optical frequencies. Ec 565 is an advanced course dealing with the propagation of electromagnetic em waves in different types of optical media.
Wthe study of pulse propagation can have three distinct approaches. Orfanidis this text provides a broad and applicationsoriented introduction to electromagnetic waves and antennas. Propagation of electromagnetic pulses in a linear dispersive medium with. Propagation of electromagnetic energy and momentum through an. Fundamentals of optical waveguides is an essential resource for any researcher, professional or student involved in optics and communications engineering. Electromagnetic and optical pulse propagation volume 1. Pulse propagation in optical fibers using the moment method. Electromagnetic and optical pulse propagation springerlink. Electromagnetics and applications mit opencourseware. The optical equivalent pulse has a 1015 times higher carrier frequency than shown here. Simulation of phononpolariton generation and propagation. This book gives a systematic, rigorous treatment of timedomain electromagnetics with application to the propagation of transient electromagnetic fields in homogeneous, isotropic media, featuring asymptotic analysis of pulse propagation in dielectric, conducting, and semiconducting materials. Ultrashort tiltedpulsefront pulses and nonparaxial tilted. Pdf electromagnetic waves and antennas by sophocles j.
Parameters such as the energy propagation characteristics and beamwidth. Lectures and problem sets cover the following topics. Navotny physicaltechnical institute of the uzbek academy of sciences, 2b, g. The entire book is freely available in pdf 2up format, and in pdf 1up format. Volume 2 covers temporal pulse dynamics in dispersive attenuative media, with asymptotic analysis at the forefront. The modern asymptotic theory used here relies on olvers saddlepoint method stud. Propagation filter, front velocity and causality, exact medium response examples, transient and steadystate behavior, pulse propagation and group velocity, group velocity dispersion and pulse spreading, propagation and chirping, dispersion compensation, slow, fast, and negative group velocities, chirp radar and pulse compression. Uniform asymptotic description of electromagnetic pulse. Introduction to electromagnetic and electrooptical. The polariton wavelength range is dictated by the optical pulse spot size. Lithium niobate linbo waveguides for electromagnetic. This approach permits the accurate propagation of fullvectorial fields because it does not need approximations accompanied by a secondorder derivative with respect to the propagating direction. Osa electromagneticfield propagation based on maxwells. Download principlesofoptics electromagnetic theoryof propagation interferenceanddiffractionoflight ebook pdf or read online books in pdf, epub, and mobi format.
With the method of steepest descent, they calculated that during the propagation of optical electromagnetic pulses in dielectric, nonmagnetic lorentz media with a single electron resonance, two different electromagnetic precursors. Click download or read online button to principlesofoptics electromagnetic theoryof propagation interferenceanddiffractionoflight book pdf for free now. The treatment was primarily for acoustic waves, modeling the whispering gallery effect, but he pointed out that electromagnetic waves should behave similarly. Download electromagnetic waves and antennas by sophocles j. All plots are generated from the analytical form of the fd pulse, eqs. Electromagnetic and optical pulse propagation volume 2. We discuss propagation of an ultimately short singlecycle pulse of an electromagnetic field in a medium whose dispersion and nonlinear properties can be described by the cubicquintic duffing. Electromagnetic waves can be generated by a variety of methods, such as a discharging spark or by an oscillating molecular dipole. Electromagnetic and optical pulse propagation kurt e. Ultrashort optical pulse propagation in a dispersive medium osa. The propagation of wideband electromagnetic pulses in a causal, temporally dispersive dielectric has been studied since the beginning of the 19th century 1 3. Transmission and attenuation of electromagnetic pulses the purpose of this experiment is to acquaint you with some of the principles involved in the manipulation of electrical pulses. In radio communication, multipath is the propagation phenomenon that results in radio signals reaching the receiving antenna by two or more paths. We have developed and implemented a numerical technique for the propagation of the electromagnetic field in a fivelevel reverse saturable absorber medium, which includes the nonlinear kerr effect and dispersion.
Oughstun in two volumes, this book presents a detailed, systematic treatment of electromagnetics with application to the propagation of transient electromagnetic fields including ultrawideband signals and ultrashort pulses. Propagation equations for optical pulses are needed to assist in describing applications in ever more extreme situations including those in metamaterials with linear and nonlinear magnetic. We determine the spatial extent of this guided mode and its velocity. Electromagnetic and optical pulse propagation presents a systematic treatment of the radiation and propagation of transient electromagnetic and optical wave fields such as those used in ultrawideband radar and communications systems as well as in ultrashort pulsed optics through causal, locally linear media which exhibit both temporal. Simulation of electromagnetic pulse propagation in threedimensional finitedifference timedomain fdtd method using parallel processing techniques w. Group velocity mismatch at ultrashort electromagnetic pulse.
Osa propagation of electromagnetic pulses in a linear. Propagation of an optical pulse of several femtoseconds duration through a. It uses maxwells equations as a starting point and retains the vector nature of the electromagnetic field throughout the semester. Study of the optical properties of dielectric spheres has received new interest with improvements in optical instrumentation and the emergency of new applications for highq resonators. Electromagnetic and optical pulse propagation presents a systematic treatment of the radiation and propagation of transient electromagnetic and optical wave fields such as those used in ultrawideband radar and communications systems as well as in ultrashort pulsed optics through causal, locally linear media which exhibit both temporal dispersion and absorption. Coherent optical pulse dynamics in nanocomposite plasmonic.
However, another factor which condition pulse propagation is the development of nonlinear effects, most notably, spm 9. The electromagnetic brillouin precursor in onedimensional. On the propagation of electromagnetic pulses with low. Simple theory of electromagnetic energy and momentum propagation the present section is devoted to a derivation of some basic results for electromagnetic. Nonlinear guided waves, dynamics of nonlinear optical systems, ber optics pacs.
This lesson describes the properties of electromagnetic and electro optical radiation and how their propagation is affected by the atmosphere and weather. Atmospheric variables that affect em propagation include temperature, moisture, pressure, and composition. Phononpolaritons generated through isrs by a 50 fs optical pulse with spot size a 50 m and b 10 m, and detected after having propagated 1. Coherent propagation of an optical pulse in a bragg plasmon. The resulting movie is a map of the beam profile in the transverse direction i. This leads to the effect of dispersive spreading of an optical pulse. Examples are i propagation through the ionosphere plasma i propagation in optical bres and waveguides i propagation in lossy media i propagation in engineered composite materials in this lecture, we give tools to analyze and characterize.
Simulation of electromagnetic and optical wave propagation in, e. High dynamic range electric field sensor for electromagnetic. Ultrashort optical pulse propagation in a dispersive medium. Pdf propagation of electromagnetic pulses researchgate. Oughstun in two volumes, this book presents a detailed, systematic treatment of electromagnetics with application to the propagation of transient electromagnetic fields including ultrawideband signals and ultrashort pulses in dispersive absorptive media. Spectral representations in temporally dispersive media kurt e. Pulse propagation in optical fiber using wavelets 273 effect of power in pulse propagation in figures 3 and 4, the pulse evolution is shown for different values of input power. Stovs are a fundamental element of the nonlinear collapse and subsequent propagation of short optical pulses in material media, and conserve topological charge. Electromagnetic wave propagation florida state university. Oughstun and others published electromagnetic and optical pulse propagation 2 find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Physical optics lecture notes pdf 44p this note covers the following topics.
The photonic crystal slabs have frequency dispersion and absorption. Early in this century, rayleigh showed that waves could propagate close to the wall of a spherical cavity with very little loss as long as the wavelength was small compared to the cavity circumference. Download pdf principlesofopticselectromagnetictheory. Optical pulse propagation via whispering gallery modes in. Analytic approximations that describe the correct saddlepoint behavior are derived and applied to obtain improved asymptotic expressions. Electromagnetic wave propagation into fresh water shan jiang, stavros georgakopoulos. Department of electrical and computer engineering, florida international university, miami, usa. Focused electromagnetic doughnut pulses and their interaction. Another interesting effect of photonic crystals is that the group velocity of an electromagnetic pulse can be reduced considerably 92,93 when the pulse is predominantly composed of frequencies that lie close to the edge of the band gap 111. Analytic approximations that describe the correct saddlepoint behavior are derived and applied to obtain improved asymptotic. Electrical engineering wave propagation and scattering in random media a volume in the ieeeoup series on electromagnetic wave theory donald g. Chen1, 1microelectronics research center, the university of texas at austin, 10100 burnet road bldg 160 mer, austin. The uniform asymptotic description of electromagnetic pulse propagation in a singleresonance lorentz medium is presented. Current interest in these areas is driven by the growth in wireless and fiberoptic communications, information technology, and materials science.
Electromagnetic pulse prepping for tomorrow book 1. To behave as a homogeneous material accurately described by an effective refractive index, its features must be much smaller than the wavelength. The relationship between both the mathematical and physical interpretation of classical electromagnetic field theory with the special theory of relativity is emphasized throughout the volume. Transmission and attenuation of electromagnetic pulses. From this solution, a pointsource approximation model in the time domain is introduced.
We show by numerical techniques that brillouins approximations for the saddlepoint locations break down in certain spacetime regions. Electromagnetic and optical pulse propagation 2 springerlink. A new analysis of electromagneticfield propagation is presented whereby the fieldpropagating step operators are derived from a direct method for solving maxwells equations. Outline 1 introduction 2 propagation as a linear lter 3 causality and various velocities 4 transients and steady state 5 group velocity as peak velocity. Oughstun and others published electromagnetic and optical pulse propagation 1. Propagation of a gaussian electromagnetic pulse and laser acceleration relatore. Any reader interested in designing or actively working with optical devices must have a firm grasp of the principles of lightwave propagation. University of groningen electromagnetic pulse propagation in. Under certain conditions, ultrashort pulse dynamics in a linear dispersive medium with absorption result in the appearance of optical precursors that dominate the pulse evolution for large propagation distances as the peak amplitude in the initial pulse spectrum decays exponentially. The relevant studies are motivated by their application to modern optical communication systems. Propagation of a gaussian electromagnetic pulse and laser. Electromagnetic formalism of the propagation and amplification of.
These variables control processes including refraction, absorption, and scattering. Spatial propagation is the usual choice in nonlin ear optics and optical pulse propagation, where flelds et, x, y, ht, x, y are stepped forward in a chosen spa tial direction z. This tutorial explores propagation of a virtual electromagnetic wave and considers the orientation of the magnetic and electric field vectors. May 18, 2011 starting from the uniform disk current model, an analytical solution for the electromagnetic pulse axial energy radiation is derived and a physical meaning then given to the axial energy propagation characteristics of a unit antenna. You will study reflections, measure the effects of termination resistances, and measure pulse propagation velocities for coaxial cables. The rigorous description of the signal velocity of a pulse in a dispersive material is presented in connection with the question of superluminal pulse propagation. Propagation of ultrashort optical pulses in nonlinear media. In optics, an ultrashort pulse of light is an electromagnetic pulse whose time duration is of the order of a picosecond 10. Coherent optical pulse dynamics in nanocomposite plasmonic bragg gratings i. The second edition contains new material on the effects of spatial dispersion on precursor formation, and pulse transmission into a dispersive half space and into multilayered media. It has recently been shown that optical pulses propagating in whispering gallery modes can be treated analogously to pulses in a fiber optic waveguide.
Gupta department of electrical, electronic and computer engineering at napier university, edinburgh, uk abstract the authors have applied the 3d fdtd technique to simulate the. The pulse broadening and reduction in peak power can be seen with propagation. Lithium niobate linbo3 waveguides for electromagnetic pulse emp sensing. Jul 16, 2007 this script simulates the propagation of an electromagnetic pulse in time and 2 spatial dimensions. Spectral representations in temporally dispersive media springer series in optical sciences v. An errata file updated october 19, 2019 is also available here.
Temporal pulse dynamics in dispersive, attenuative media springer series in optical sciences on. High dynamic range electric field sensor for electromagnetic pulse detection cheyun lin,1,3 alan x. We report a direct observation of the electromagnetic wave propagation on optical antennas. U ltrawideband electromagnetic pulse propagation in a causally dispersive dielectric is governed by the interrelated effects of phase and attenuation dispersion which alter the pulse in a. Plane electromagnetic waves and wave p ropagation 7. University of groningen electromagnetic pulse propagation. The propagation properties of the transverse magnetic pulse are identical to the te case presented here, by replacing electric magnetic with magnetic electric. Electromagnetic waves and antennas rutgers university. Electromagnetic wave propagation java tutorial olympus. The classical theory of sommerfeld and brillouin of pulse propagation in a lorentz medium is reexamined.